www.stewwebb.com
stewwebb@sierranv.net


Mission     www.cfr.org

The Council on Foreign Relations is dedicated to increasing America’s understanding of the world and contributing ideas to U.S. foreign policy. The Council accomplishes this mainly by promoting constructive debates and discussions, clarifying world issues, and publishing Foreign Affairs, the leading journal on global issues.

Goals:
1. Add value to the public debate on international affairs.

2. Energize foreign policy discussions nationwide by making the Council a truly national organization with membership across the country.

3. Identify and nurture the next generation of foreign policy leaders.

4. Make the Council the source for ideas and clear and accurate information on key international issues for the interested public.

mission/history

 
Continuing
the
Inquiry

The Council on
Foreign Relations
from 1921 to 1996

Peter Grose



"Nothing is possible without men;
nothing is lasting without institutions."

Jean Monnet
Memoirs (1978)


CFR logo
A Council on Foreign Relations Book


CONTENTS

 

Foreword

ix

1.

The Inquiry

1

2.

Basic Assumptions

9

3.

Dissension

14

4.

War and Peace

23

5.

The First Transformation

26

6.

"X" Leads the Way

35

7.

Consensus Endangered

44

8.

The Second Transformation

53

 

Author's Note

68

 

Appendix

69

 

Notes

73

 

For Further Reading

74

 

Index

76

 

About the Author

81




Council on Foreign Relations Book

The Council on Foreign Relations, Inc., is a nonprofit and nonpartisan organization devoted to promoting improved understanding of international affairs through the free exchange of ideas. The Council takes no institutional position on policy issues and has no affiliation with the U.S. government.

From time to time books, monographs, and reports written by members of the Council's research staff or others are published as a "Council on Foreign Relations Book." Any work bearing that designation is, in the judgment of the Committee on Studies of the Council's Board of Directors, a responsible treatment of a significant international topic. All statements of fact and expression of opinion contained in Council books are, however, the sole responsibility of the authors or signatories.


If you would like more information on Council publications, please write the Council on Foreign Relations, 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021, or call the Publications Office at (212) 734-0400.


Copyright © 1996 by the Council on Foreign Relations®, Inc.
All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America.

This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and excerpts by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publishers. For information, write Publications Office, Council on Foreign Relations, 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021.



cartoon, p. vi

 

cartoon, p. vii


Acknowledgment

The Council is grateful to William A. Hewitt's generous gift that made possible the publication of this book.


BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Officers

Peter G. Peterson
Chairman of the Board

Carla A. Hills
Vice Chairman of the Board

William J. McDonough
Vice Chairman of the Board

Leslie H. Gelb
President

Michael P. Peters
Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, and Director of Studies

David Kellogg
Senior Vice President, Corporate Affairs, and Publisher

Janice L. Murray
Senior Vice President and Treasurer

Irina Faskianos
Vice President, National and Outreach Programs

Elise Carlson Lewis
Vice President, Membership and Fellowship Affairs

Abraham Lowenthal
Vice President

Anne R. Luzzatto
Vice President, Meetings

Robert C. Orr
Vice President, Washington Program

Lisa Shields
Vice President, Communications

Lilita Gusts
Secretary of the Corporation

 

Current Directors

Fouad Ajami
Jeffrey Bewkes
Henry S. Bienen
Lee Cullum
John Deutch
Kenneth M. Duberstein
Peggy Dulany
Jessica P. Einhorn
Martin S. Feldstein
Leslie H. Gelb ex officio
Louis V. Gerstner, Jr.
Carla A. Hills (Vice Chairman)
Richard C. Holbrooke
Robert D. Hormats
Bette Bao Lord
Vincent A. Mai
William J. McDonough (Vice Chairman)
George J. Mitchell
Michael H. Moskow
Ronald L. Olson
Peter G. Peterson (Chairman)
Thomas R. Pickering
Robert E. Rubin
Warren B. Rudman
Theodore C. Sorensen
George Soros
Joan E. Spero
Laura D’Andrea Tyson
Garrick Utley
Vin Weber
Andrew Young

Directors Emeriti:

Maurice R. Greenberg (Honorary Vice Chairman)
Charles McC. Mathias, Jr.
David Rockefeller (Honorary Chairman)
Robert A. Scalapino


International Advisory Board

The International Advisory Board (IAB), established by the Board of Directors in 1995 under the chairmanship of David Rockefeller, Honorary Chairman of the Council, meets annually in conjunction with the October Board meeting to offer perspectives on a broad range of matters of concern to the Council. IAB members are invited to comment on institutional programs and strategic directions, and on practical opportunities for collaboration between the Council and institutions abroad. They also provide invaluable international insights into U.S. foreign policy in discussions of a variety of issues—from the need for new strategies and institutions for the 21st century, to the value of multilateral approaches toward world problems, to ways to foster democratization.

The IAB includes the following distinguished individuals:

MARICLAIRE ACOSTA (Mexico), Special Ambassador for Human Rights and Democracy, Mexico

KHALID A. ALTURKI (Saudi Arabia), Chairman, Trading and Development Company (TRADCO)

MOSHE ARENS (Israel), Member, Knesset

HANAN ASHRAWI (West Bank), Member, Palestinian Legislative Council; Secretary General, Miftah—The Palestinian Initiative for the Promotion of Global Dialogue and Democracy

PERCY N. BARNEVIK (Sweden), Chairman, ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd., Investor, and Sandvik

CONRAD M. BLACK (United Kingdom), Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Argus Corporation Limited, Hollinger International, Inc., and Hollinger, Inc.; Chairman, Telegraph Group Limited

JOHN BROWNE (United Kingdom), Group Chief Executive, BP Amoco plc

GRO HARLEM BRUNDTLAND (Norway), Director-General, World Health Organization

MARK C. CHONA (Zambia), Chairman and CEO, Sumika Consultancy and Management Services Ltd.; former Political Adviser to the President of Zambia

GUSTAVO A. CISNEROS (Venezuela), Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Cisneros Group of Companies

NIALL W.A. FITZGERALD (Ireland), Chairman and CEO, Unilever

ALEJANDRO FOXLEY (Chile), Member, Senate of the Republic of Chile

TOYOO GYOHTEN (Japan), President, Institute for International Monetary Affairs; Senior Adviser, The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd.

SERGEI A. KARAGANOV (Russia), Chairman of the Board, Council on Foreign and Defense Policy; Deputy Director, Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences

KYUNG-WON KIM (Republic of Korea), President, Institute of Social Sciences and Seoul Forum for International Affairs

YOTARO KOBAYASHI (Japan), Chairman, Fuji Xerox Company, Ltd.

RAHMI M. KOÇ (Turkey), Chairman, Koç Holdings A.S.

OTTO LAMBSDORFF (Germany), Partner, Taylor Wessing; former Minister of Economics, Germany

LUIZ FELIPE LAMPREIA (Brazil), Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Centro Brasileiro de Relações Internacionais

JUAN MARCH (Spain), Chairman, Juan March Foundation, and Juan March Institute for Advanced Studies in Social Sciences

MARIA ROSA MARTINI (Argentina), Cofounder and President, Social Sector Forum; Vice President of the Board, CIVITAS

BARBARA MCDOUGALL (Canada), President and Chief Executive Officer, Canadian Institute of International Affairs

ADAM MICHNIK (Poland), Editor in Chief, Gazeta Wyborcza

MOEEN A. QURESHI (Pakistan), Chairman, Emerging Markets Partnership AG

MICHEL ROCARD (France), President, Committee on Development and Cooperation, European Parliament

PRANNOY ROY (India), President, New Delhi Television Ltd.

KHEHLA SHUBANE (South Africa), Director, Centre for Policy Studies; Director, Simeka Financial Services

WASHINGTON SYCIP (Philippines), Chairman and Founder, SGV Group; Chairman, Asian Institute of Management

HORST TELTSCHIK (Germany), Chairman, Herbert Quandt Foundation (BMW)

JUSUF WANANDI (Indonesia), Member, Board of Directors, Centre for Strategic and International Studies (Jakarta)

SHIRLEY V.T. BRITTAIN WILLIAMS (United Kingdom), Member, House of Lords

MUHAMMAD YUNUS (Bangladesh), Managing Director, Chief Executive Officer, and Founder, Grameen Bank

ERNESTO ZEDILLO PONCE de LEÓN (Mexico), Former President of Mexico


All logos and trademarks in this site are property of their respective owner.
FAIR USE NOTICE: This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. For more information go to: <http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml>